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Good morning,
Thank you for your interest in this Neuropsychotherapy Newsletter. This first issue outlines this approach, which has been emerging for several years. The aim of this newsletter is to continue to popularize and democratize access to neuroscience research that sheds light on the understanding and treatment of mental illnesses. Happy reading!
Sincerely,
Driss Boussaoud
What is neuropsychotherapy?
Neuropsychotherapy is an approach to psychotherapy that draws on knowledge acquired in neuroscience. It seeks causes, healing, and prevention in the structure and function of the brain. For example, anxiety and depression are considered to result from hyperactivity of the amygdala, a brain region involved in unpleasant emotions such as anger and fear, and hypoactivity of the prefrontal cortex, the seat of attention and decision-making. The two structures are interconnected, and one (the prefrontal cortex) exerts an inhibitory effect on the other (the amygdala).
Thus, where the traditional therapist sees these psychological sufferings as a simple mental problem that they will try to eliminate by helping the patient modify their thoughts through talk therapy, the neuropsychotherapist will see a dysfunction in the connection between the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala. They will implement tools aimed at increasing activity in the prefrontal cortex, so that it inhibits the amygdala. In this way, anxiety is reduced.
How does it work?
Neuropsychotherapy is a multidisciplinary approach. It is based on the concept of neuroplasticity: the brain's ability to change its structure and function through repeated experience. The fundamental principle rests on the idea that today's problems are the consequence of learning that has not occurred, or not sufficiently occurred. Healing from psychological suffering will therefore involve learning, thanks to the neuroplasticity that will be mobilized during therapy. For example, if you arrive at the elevator the day after a news report about an elevator accident in another building, the thought crosses your mind that perhaps the elevator you are about to take will have an accident. You are afraid and decide to take the stairs. You have just activated a set of neural connections that avoid the elevator, driven by fear. If this scenario is repeated, these connections will become so strong that you will develop a phobia of elevators. Treating your elevator phobia with a neuropsychotherapist will target the undoing of these connections. They will expose you to the experience of taking an elevator, despite your fear (they may accompany you initially to reassure you). Each time you emerge unscathed from the elevator, your brain integrates the idea that "taking the elevator is not dangerous," and new connections are established in your brain, replacing the previous, dysfunctional ones. The human brain possesses great plasticity, meaning that the connections between our neurons can be strengthened, weakened, or altered. Neuropsychotherapy works by activating neuronal plasticity to reshape your brain connections. It takes into account several factors, including: - the patient's brain (examination of the brain's physical and chemical structure and function) - the therapeutic relationship between the therapist and the patient (fostering a positive and meaningful relationship) - the integration of the patient's left and right cerebral hemispheres (connecting body and mind, consciousness and mindfulness to promote healthy processing of sensory information) - the patient's emotional state (focusing primarily on improving their resilience, which involves working on aspects such as interpersonal relationships, emotional intelligence, cognition, physical health, temperament, and attachments).
Which disorders are involved?
Neuropsychotherapy was initially used to treat depression, the neural basis of which has been extensively studied. As research progresses, other disorders are now being treated with neuropsychotherapy: - Depression - Anxiety - Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) - Phobias - Borderline Personality Disorder
Who is this letter addressed to?
This letter is addressed to therapists, as well as anyone interested in learning how neuroscience informs psychotherapy. It responds to the growing enthusiasm for this innovative approach of neuropsychotherapy and aims to facilitate access to neuroscience data. Indeed, a major obstacle still holds back many practitioners: the complexity of neuroscientific data! Derived from diverse methodologies, ranging from molecular approaches to advanced brain imaging techniques, this information requires time and a mastery of key concepts. Thus, even convinced of its usefulness, many professionals still hesitate to take the plunge and adopt this new approach. But this letter will also be written for non-specialists, curious to learn about the workings of the human brain and the links between its dysfunctions and mental disorders.
Contact
If you found this letter helpful, please let us know and share it with others. The goal is to share knowledge, which is a public good :-) Thank you!
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